Bile Duct Cancer Surgery In Gurgaon

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Overview of Bile Ducts cancer

Bile Ducts cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma) is a type of cancer that forms in the bile duct, that carry bile. Bile ducts connect your liver to gallbladder and to small intestine. Bile helps in digestion of food. Bile Duct cancer occurs mostly in people older than 60 years of age, though it can occur at any age.

Bile Duct cancer can be of three types based upon location:

Signs and symptoms of pancreatic cancer often don't occur until the disease is advanced. They may include:

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma occurs in the parts of the bile ducts within the liver.
Hilar cholangiocarcinoma occurs in the bile ducts just outside of the liver. This type is also called perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Distal cholangiocarcinoma occurs in the portion of the bile duct which is near the small intestine.

Bile Duct cancer is often diagnosed when it is advanced.

Symptoms:

Yellowish discoloration of skin and the eyes (jaundice)
Intensely itchy skin
White-colored stools
Fatigue
Abdominal pain on the right side, just below the ribs
Weight loss
Fever
Night sweats
Dark colored urine.

Risk Factors:

Following tests are done to evaluate pancreatic cancers:

Primary sclerosing cholangitis:. This disease causes hardening and scarring of the bile ducts.
Chronic liver disease: Scarring of the liver caused by a history of chronic liver disease increases the risk of cholangiocarcinoma.
Congenital Bile duct conditions:The people born with a choledochal cyst which results in irregular and dilated the bile ducts, are at an increased chance of contracting.
A liver parasite: In the regions in Southeast Asia, Bile Duct cancer is closely linked to liver fluke infections that can result by eating fish that is raw or not cooked properly.
Older age: Bile Duct cancer occurs most often in adults over age 60.
Smoking: Cholangiocarcinoma occurs most often in adults over age 60.
Diabetes:People with type 1 or 2 diabetes could be at a higher risk of the Bile Duct cancer.
Certain inherited conditions:Certain DNA mutations passed on from parents to children result in conditions which increase the chance of developing Bile Duct cancer. These conditions can include cystic fibrosis as well as Lynch syndrome.

Prevention

To reduce your risk of Bile Duct cancer, you can:

Stop smoking.
Reduce your risk of liver disease.
Avoid Alcohol intake.
Maintaining of healthy body weight.

Diagnosis:

If your doctor suspects Bile Duct cancer, he or she may advice one or more of the following tests:

Liver function tests: Blood tests to measure your liver function can give your doctor clues about what's causing your signs and symptoms.
Tumor marker test: CA 19-9 is a protein that's overproduced by bile duct cancer cells and often elevated in bile duct cancers.
ERCP. During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), a thin, flexible tube with a camera in its tip is passed down through the digestive tract to small intestine and then to the opening of the bile ducts. The camera is used to examine the area where your bile ducts connect to your small intestine. Doctors may also use this procedure to inject dye into the bile ducts to help them show up better on imaging tests.
Imaging tests:Techniques used to diagnose bile duct cancer include ultrasound, computerized tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). MRCP is being increasingly utilized as a non-invasive alternative to ERCP. It can provide 3D images, without the need for dyes to improve the quality of the images.
• A procedure to remove a sample of tissue for testing: A biopsy is the process to take a small amount of tissue for analysis under the microscope. If the suspicious area is located very near where the bile duct joins the small intestine, biopsy can be done during ERCP. If the suspicious area is within or near the liver, one may obtain a tissue sample by inserting a long needle through your skin to the affected area (fine-needle aspiration). He or she may use an imaging test, such as an endoscopic ultrasound or CT scan, to guide the needle to the precise area.

Treatments for Bile Duct cancer (bile duct cancer) may include:

Surgery: Surgery is only curative option for Bile Duct cancer when feasible. For very small bile duct cancers, this involves removing part of the bile duct and joining the cut ends. For more-advanced bile duct cancers, nearby liver segment and lymph nodes are removed as well.
Chemotherap: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy may be used before a liver transplant. It may also be an option for people with advanced cholangiocarcinoma to help slow the disease and relieve signs and symptoms. Chemotherapy drugs can be infused into a vein or can be given orally.
Radiation therapy: The treatment uses powerful energy beams that come from sources like X-rays and protons to kill cancerous cells. It can be the use of a device that directs radiation beams towards the body (external beam radiation). It could also involve the placement of radioactive materials within your body, near the area of tumor (brachytherapy).
Targeted drug therapy: The targeted drug therapies focus on specific issues that exist within cancer cells. By preventing these abnormalities, targeted treatments can cause cancerous cells to end up dying.
Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy uses one’s immune system to fight cancer. Body's disease-fighting immune system may not attack cancer cells because the cancer cells produce proteins that help them hide from the immune system cells. Immunotherapy works by interfering with that process. For Bile Duct cancer, immunotherapy might be an option for advanced cancer when other treatments haven't helped.
Heating cancer cells: Radiofrequency ablation utilizes electricity to heat and destroy cancerous cells. By using ultrasound, the physician inserts one or more fine needles in the. Once the needles are in their target, they are heated by an electric current, which destroys cancerous cells.
Biliary drainage: Biliary drainage is a method to help restore the flow of the bile. It may involve placing a thin tube in the bile duct to remove the bile. Other options include bypass surgery to redirect the bile around cancer, and stents that hold open a bile duct in a state of collapse due to cancer. Biliary drainage can help alleviate jaundice.

Cancer is a disease that impacts not only the physical well-being of patients, but also their emotional, social and economical lives. It is therefore imperative that family physicians remain a support system for their patients throughout the treatment process. Book your consultation now.